Received Date: 13th February 20

Andras Balogh, Hendrik Bartolomaeus, Ulrike Loeber, Ellen G. Avery, Nico Steckhan, Lajos Marko, Nicola Wilck, Ibrahim Hamad, Ursa Susnjar, Anja Maehler, Christoph Hohmann, Holger Cramer, Gustav Dobos, Till Robin Lesker, Till Strowig, Ralf Dechend, Danilo Bzdok, Markus Kleinewietfeld, Andreas Michalsen, Dominik N. Mueller, Sofia K. Forslund

Periods of fasting and refeeding may reduce cardiometabolic risk elevated by Western diet. We show that in hypertensive metabolic syndrome (MetS) patients (n=35), a 5-day fast followed by a modified DASH diet (Dietary Approach to Stop Hypertension) reduced systolic blood pressure (SBP), antihypertensive medication need, and body-mass index (BMI) at three months post intervention compared to a modified DASH diet alone (n=36). Fasting altered the gut microbiome, impacting bacterial taxa and gene modules associated with short-chain fatty acid production. Cross-system analyses revealed a positive correlation of circulating mucosa-associated invariant T (MAIT) cells, non-classical monocytes and CD4+ effector T cells with SBP. Furthermore, regulatory T cells (Tregs) positively correlated with BMI and weight. Machine learning could predict sustained SBP-responsiveness within the fasting group from baseline immunome data, identifying CD8+ effector T cells, Th17 cells and Tregs as important contributors to the model. The high-resolution multi-omics data highlights fasting as a promising non-pharmacological intervention in MetS.

Read in full at medRxiv.

This is an abstract of a preprint hosted on an independent third party site. It has not been peer reviewed but is currently under consideration at Nature Communications.